Before Roald Dahl wrote "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (published in 1964), he had joined the Royal Air Force when World War II broke out, leading to a crash landing in North Africa in 1940. Though he survived he was plagued by headaches and returned to England in 1941. In 1942 he served at the British Embassy in Washington, D.C. and was then recruited to be an undercover agent. He ingratiated himself to the Roosevelts, and sent notes back to the British Security Coordination regarding the thoughts and opinions of Washington bigwigs.